11 countries where people relax as well as work: countries with best work-life balance
Few people know about a country where, in summer, employees swim to work in the river — not by boat. In another country, 36% of citizens commute by bicycle, embracing a healthy, eco-friendly lifestyle. There’s also a country where employees enjoy a 4-day workweek, allowing more personal time and rest.
Curious to learn more? Discover which countries these are, which ones offer the best parental leave benefits, and where locals have mastered the art of balancing work and leisure.
Author •Alevtina Kalmuk
Told about countries with best work-life balance
11 countries where people relax as well as work: countries with best work-life balance
Which countries have the best work life balance?
The OECD Better Life Index compares well-being across countries based on 11 topics the OECD identifies as essential in material living conditions and quality of life.
Norway was named the leader by the OECD in terms of work-life balance. Citizens benefit from excellent parental leave, flexible working hours, paid overtime, and attractive vacation benefits.
The Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, and Finland follow Norway as countries with the best work-life balance in the world. According to the World Happiness Report 2024, these countries are also the happiest, with Finland leading for the last 7 years.
Sweden offers the best parental leave, providing 480 days of paid leave per child. These leave days can be shared between both parents.
In the Netherlands and Denmark, 25—35% of the locals bike to work.
Switzerland offers the highest salaries, with cost of living being the highest therefore. Here, overtime is additionally paid at 125% of regular pay.
In Spain, Italy, and Portugal, it is common to enjoy long lunch breaks which can last up to 2 hours and spend evening time after work with colleagues, casually walking along the streets and drinking wine. These countries offer investors from the non-EU countries obtain residence permits by contributing at least €250,000—500,000 to the countries’ economies.
France provides the shortest work week. Along with Spain, Portugal, and Italy, it also offers a long-lasting vacation in August for small businesses which is not regulated by law.
Finland and France are known for strictly distinguishing between work and rest. Its residents shift to the relaxing mode right after leaving their workplace and do not answer to messages concerning work matters. The French government even launched the conforming law.
Countries with best work-life balance
11. Portugal: the sunniest spot on the ocean shore
Working hours. The standard full-time workweek in Portugal is 40 hours, spread over five days. Working hours are usually from 9 AM to 6 PM, with a 1-hour lunch break.
Overtime is regulated by law. Employees can work overtime but are compensated with higher pay: 25% above regular pay for the first hour and 37,5% above regular pay for subsequent hours on weekdays. Overtime on weekends or holidays is paid at a rate of 50% above regular pay. There is a legal limit on the amount of overtime that can be worked per year.
Employees are entitled to a minimum 15-minute break if they work more than 5 consecutive hours. Lunch breaks last 1 to 2 hours, depending on the company.
Minimum wage. The minimum wage in Portugal is set by the government and is updated annually. As of 2024, the gross minimum wage is €820 per month for full-time employees.
Typical annual salaries in Portugal are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €10,000—16,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €10,000—20,000;
public sector — €15,000—35,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers — €18,000—45,000;
architect — €20,000—40,000;
university professor — €30,000—50,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €30,000—80,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €35,000—90,000;
law-firm partner — €60,000—120,000.
Vacation. Portuguese employees are entitled to 22 working days of paid vacation per year. Vacation days must be taken during the calendar year and cannot be carried over to the following year, though exceptions can apply under specific circumstances.
Portugal has 13 national public holidays. During August, many smaller businesses close for several weeks, allowing workers to take extended vacations, though this widespread summer break is not legally mandated.
With its long coastline, Portugal has a strong beach culture, especially in cities like Lisbon and Porto. Many workers head to the beach after work to enjoy a swim, surf, or relax by the water
Parental leave. Mothers are entitled to 120 days of paid maternity leave, which can be extended to 150 days if shared with the father. During the first 120 days, the mother receives 100% of her salary. If extended to 150 days, both parents receive 80% of their salary for the duration.
Fathers are entitled to 20 mandatory working days of paid paternity leave, which must be taken within the first six weeks after the birth of the child. This leave is paid at 100% of the salary.
After the initial maternity and paternity leave, parents are entitled to optional parental leave, which can be extended for up to three years. This leave is unpaid or compensated with a minimal allowance, but job protection is guaranteed during this period.
Happiness index. Portugal is ranked 55th among 143 countries, according to the World Happiness Report 2024.
The Portugal Golden Visa grants residence permits to investors who contribute at least €250,000 to the economy. The most popular option is investing in fund units, requiring a minimum investment of €500,000.
Family members, including spouses, children under 26, and parents, are also eligible for the Golden Visa. The whole family may work in Portugal or register companies there.
Residence permit is issued for 2 years with extension. After 5 years, the family can apply for citizenship.
The Portugal Digital Nomad Visa offers another path to obtaining a residence permit for the whole family. It is available to foreigners who work remotely, including freelancers, employees of foreign companies, self-employed individuals, and entrepreneurs.
Applicants need to confirm a monthly income of at least €3,280 and buy or rent residential properties in Portugal. It is also required to demonstrate enough money to live in Portugal. It is recommended to provide a bank statement with a balance of at least €9,840.
Spouses, children under 30, and parents can receive residency with the main applicant. The required savings amount increases by 30% for each spouse or parent and 25% for each child.
Residence permit is valid for 2 years, subject to extension. After 5 years of living in the country, the family becomes eligible for citizenship.
10. Hungary: the best destination for wellness retreats
Working hours. The standard workweek in Hungary is 40 hours. Common working hours are from 8 AM to 5 PM or 9 AM to 6 PM, with flexibility depending on the industry and employer.
Overtime is allowed in Hungary but is regulated by law. Overtime hours are compensated with additional pay, 50 to 100% above regular pay, or extra time off, depending on the employment contract. There is a legal cap on the number of overtime hours an employee can work each year.
Employees working more than 6 hours per day are entitled to a 20-minute break. For workdays that exceed 9 hours, they are entitled to an additional 25-minute break. Lunch breaks last between 30 minutes to 1 hour.
Minimum wage. Hungary’s minimum wage is set by the government and is updated annually. As of 2024, the gross minimum wage for full-time workers is HUF 232,000 per month, or approximately €600, while the gross minimum wage for skilled workers is higher, HUF 296,000 per month, or around €760.
Typical annual salaries in Hungary are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €7,000—11,500;
skilled trades, technicians — €7,500—13,000;
public sector — €7,500—17,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers — €13,000—30,000;
architect — €14,000—23,000;
university professor — €17,000—23,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €19,000—46,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €26,000—46,000;
law-firm partner — €39,000—78,000.
Vacation. Employees in Hungary are entitled to a minimum of 20 working days of paid vacation per year. This number increases with age, with workers gaining additional days based on their age bracket. For example, workers over 25 years old receive one extra day for every three years of employment, up to a maximum of 30 days.
Hungary has 11 public holidays. Hungary is famous for its thermal baths, and many people visit these baths after work or on weekends to relax and rejuvenate. Hungarian companies sometimes offer spa days or wellness programs to their employees as part of corporate well-being initiatives.
Hungary has a strong coffee culture, where it is common to enjoy an afternoon coffee break and relax with colleagues
Parental leave. Mothers are entitled to 24 weeks of paid maternity leave, with a portion of the leave available before the due date. During this period, mothers receive 70% of their salary, paid through social security.
Fathers get 10 working days of paid paternity leave, which can be taken within two months of the birth. This leave is fully paid by social security.
After maternity leave, either parent can take unpaid parental leave until the child reaches the age of three. During this period, parents receive a small child care allowance from the state. Parents are guaranteed the right to return to their job at the end of the leave.
Happiness index. Hungary is ranked 56th among 143 countries, according to the World Happiness Report 2024.
The Hungary Golden Visa allows investors to obtain residence permits. Minimum investment threshold is €250,000. The visa is granted for 10 years and can be extended for the same period.
Spouses, children under 18, and parents can become residents as well. The whole family is allowed to get employed in Hungary, set up businesses, and work as CEOs of their companies.
The Hungarian White Card offers a way for employees and managers of foreign companies to obtain residency in Hungary. It is issued for 1 year and can be extended once for the same period. After two years, a foreigner can submit a new application for a residence permit.
Applicants need to confirm a monthly income of at least €3,000 and provide an employment contract with a company outside the EU. It is also required to rent or purchase property in Hungary.
The main applicant cannot include family members in the residency application.
Hungary residency by opening a company is issued to foreigners who register a legal entity in Hungary, such as an LLC or JSC. However, the status of an individual entrepreneur does not suffice.
The company’s minimum authorised capital must be €7,700.
The residence permit is valid for 1 year, with the possibility of extension once for 2 years.
The applicant’s relatives can obtain residence permits a year later, when the main applicants renews their permit.
9. Spain: the country with the longest lunches
Working hours. The standard full-time workweek in Spain is 40 hours, spread over five days. Working hours may vary between industries, with some employees working from 9 AM to 6 PM, while others follow a split schedule with a long lunch break, siesta, between 2 PM and 5 PM, then working until 8 PM. Many employees begin their day at around 9 AM and finish around 7 PM.
Overtime is regulated and must not exceed 80 hours per year. Overtime is paid at a higher rate or compensated with time off, depending on the employment contract or collective agreement.
The Spanish government announced a trial of a four-day workweek for companies willing to participate, partially funded by the government. This initiative was designed to encourage better work-life balance and support a shift towards shorter working hours. After work, it’s common to engage in social activities such as tapas with friends or colleagues.
Minimum wage. Spain’s minimum wage, Salario Mínimo Interprofesional, as of 2024, is approximately €1,260 per month for full-time work. The minimum wage is set by the government and is adjusted periodically to reflect inflation and economic conditions.
Typical annual salaries in Spain are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €15,000—25,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €18,000—30,000;
public sector — €24,000—40,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers — €28,000—60,000;
university professor, architect — €40,000—70,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €45,000—100,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €50,000—100,000;
law-firm partner — €70,000—150,000.
Vacation. Spanish labour law mandates 30 calendar days, or 22 working days, of paid vacation per year for full-time employees. This is the legal minimum, but some industries may offer additional vacation days. Vacation time is generally taken during the summer months, although this can vary depending on the employer’s flexibility.
Spain has 14 public holidays per year, which can vary slightly depending on the region. Similar to other Mediterranean countries, many businesses in Spain close for an extended period in August for summer vacation in small towns and non-essential industries.
Many Spaniards take advantage of the country’s diverse landscapes by spending weekends and holidays in nature
Parental leave. Mothers in Spain are entitled to 16 weeks of paid maternity leave, which can be extended in cases of multiple births or complications. This leave is paid at 100% of the employee’s salary, funded through the social security system.
Fathers have 16 weeks of paid paternity leave. This leave is fully paid and can be taken consecutively or in intervals within the first year after the child’s birth.
After maternity and paternity leave, both parents can take unpaid parental leave for up to three years to care for a child. While the leave is unpaid, it offers job protection and guarantees the right to return to the same position or an equivalent one.
Happiness index. Spain is 36th among 143 countries in terms of happiness.
Spain’s Golden Visa is issued to investors who contribute at least €500,000 to the country’s economy. After 10 years of holding residence permits, investors become eligible for citizenship.
Spouses, children, and parents can join the investor under the Golden Visa program. All family members are eligible to obtain work permits in Spain. Entrepreneurs can transfer existing businesses or establish new companies in Spain under this visa.
The Spain Digital Nomad Visa is issued to employees of foreign companies, sole proprietors, and self-employed individuals. They obtain residence permits for 3 years, subject to extension for another 2 years. After 10 years of living in Spain, residents can apply for citizenship.
The main requirement is to work remotely and confirm income of at least €2,646 per month. Digital nomads must also purchase or rent real estate in Spain.
Spouses, children, parents, grandparents, and siblings can also qualify for Spain Digital Nomad Visa.
8. Italy and its the most leisurely breaks
Working hours. The workweek in Italy consists of 40 hours, usually spread over five days. The maximum legal limit for working hours is 48 hours per week, including overtime.
Overtime is regulated by law and collective agreements, and it cannot exceed 250 hours per year. Overtime pay must be higher than regular pay, with rates varying based on the time of day or the nature of the work.
In Italian culture, lunch breaks are viewed as an important time to recharge, and meals are often seen as an opportunity to socialise. Lunch break usually lasts 1 to 2 hours. In the southern regions, it is customary to have a longer lunch break, often for a more relaxed midday meal. In large cities like Milan and Rome, the lunch break might be shorter, around 1 hour, due to the faster pace of work.
The Italian aperitivo is a pre-dinner ritual where friends or colleagues gather for drinks and light snacks after work. It’s a way to unwind and socialise, often around 5 PM to 7 PM.
Minimum wage. Italy does not have a statutory minimum wage set by law. It is determined by sector-specific collective bargaining agreements negotiated between unions and employers. These agreements outline minimum salary levels for different job categories, ensuring that workers receive fair compensation based on their industry and role.
Typical annual salaries in Italy are as those:
skilled trades, technicians, public sector — €18,000—30,000;
sales assistants, receptionists — €17,000—24,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers — €28,000—55,000;
architect — €30,000—70,000;
university professor — €40,000—80,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €50,000—95,000;
general practitioner — €55,000—100,000;
medical specialists, law-firm partner — €70,000—150,000.
Vacation. Italian employees are entitled to at least four weeks, or 20 days, of paid vacation per year. Many workers, depending on their collective agreements or seniority, may receive additional days. Vacation days must be taken within 18 months of the end of the year in which they were earned.
Public holidays in Italy take 12 days. Ferragosto is celebrated on 15 August and marks the peak of the summer holiday season. Many businesses in smaller towns and family-owned operations shut down for several weeks, giving workers ample time for extended vacations.
During Ferragosto, Italians travel to the countryside, mountains, or coast, enjoying family time and relaxation
Parental leave. Italy provides generous parental leave policies. Mothers are entitled to five months of compulsory paid maternity leave; two months before the due date and three months after childbirth. During this period, they receive 80% of their salary.
Fathers are entitled to 10 days of paid paternity leave.
After the compulsory maternity leave, both parents are eligible for additional optional parental leave of up to six months each, or 11 months combined, which can be taken until the child is 12 years old. During this leave, parents receive 30% of their salary for a certain portion of the leave.
Happiness index. Italy is ranked 41st among 145 countries in terms of happiness.
Investors can take advantage of the Italy Golden Visa and relocate to the country. They can choose from four investment options, with the contribution to the innovative startup requiring the least investment — €250,000.
Residence permit is granted for 2 years and can be extended. Italian citizenship is possible after 10 years of living in the country.
Spouses, children, and parents can move together with the investor.
The Italy Digital Nomad Visa allows foreigners who work remotely obtain a residence permit in Italy.
The requirement is to confirm an income of at least €32,400 per year from sources outside Italy and demonstrate savings of €30,000. Experience of working remotely must exceed 6 months. It is also required to rent or buy real estate in Italy.
Spouses, children under 18, and parents are also eligible for Italy Digital Nomad Visa.
The residence permit is valid for 1 year and is subject to extension. After 10 years, families can apply for citizenship.
7. France: the shortest work week and no work messages after hours
Working hours. The standard workweek in France is 35 hours for full-time employees, as mandated by law. Some industries may have different agreements, but 35 hours is typical across most sectors.
If employees work beyond 35 hours, it is considered overtime. Overtime pay is regulated by law and is 25% above regular pay for the first eight hours of overtime and 50% above regular pay after that. Employees can also receive additional time off known as "RTT days" instead of extra pay.
French labour law requires employees working more than 6 hours to take a minimum break of 20 minutes. However, most workplaces offer longer lunch breaks, 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on the industry.
The “right to disconnect” law passed in 2017 is one of the most interesting aspects of work-life balance in France. This law grants employees the legal right to ignore work emails and messages outside of working hours. It aims to reduce burnout and stress by ensuring that employees can fully disconnect from work during their personal time.
Minimum wage. The minimum wage in France is called the Salaire Minimum Interprofessionnel de Croissance, SMIC. As of 2024, the gross SMIC is approximately €1,747 per month for a full-time employee. This is adjusted annually for inflation and cost of living increases.
Typical annual salaries in France are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €20,000—32,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €22,000—35,000;
public sector — €25,000—50,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers, architect — €30,000—55,000;
university professor — €50,000—80,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €50,000—120,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €70,000—140,000;
law-firm partner — €90,000—190,000.
Vacation. French employees are entitled to a minimum of five weeks, or 25 working days, of paid vacation per year. This is the legal minimum, and some collective agreements or contracts may offer additional vacation days. It is common for employees to take a significant portion of their vacation in July and August during the summer.
France also has 11 public holidays each year. Like other Southers countries, France experiences a widespread shutdown in August, particularly in Paris and other major cities. Many businesses close for several weeks, and workers head to the countryside, beaches, or other vacation spots.
French workers often extend their weekends by taking advantage of "bridge days", or "le pont." If a public holiday falls on a Thursday or Tuesday, it’s common for employees to take the adjacent Friday or Monday off, creating a four-day weekend.
Parental leave. Mothers in France are entitled to 16 weeks of paid maternity leave — 6 weeks before and 10 weeks after birth. For the third child, maternity leave increases to 26 weeks. During this time, mothers receive 100% of their salary.
Fathers are entitled to 28 days of paid paternity leave, with the option to take up to 35 days in cases of multiple births. This leave is paid at a rate equivalent to maternity leave.
Both parents can also take parental leave after maternity/paternity leave ends, which can be taken for up to three years. While this leave is unpaid or minimally compensated, job protection is guaranteed.
Happiness index. France is 27th among 143 countries in terms of happiness.
France is famous for its café culture, where workers may take time during the day to have a coffee or a light snack at a local café
6. Switzerland: the highest salaries and the best-paid overtime
Working hours. The standard full-time workweek in Switzerland is 40 to 42 hours, depending on the industry and company. However, many companies offer flexible working arrangements, and part-time work is common.
Overtime is regulated, and employees working over the standard hours are entitled to additional pay which is 125% of regular pay or time off in lieu. Overtime hours are generally capped at 140 hours per year for most workers.
Employees working more than 5.5 hours per day take a 15-minute break. For workdays exceeding 7 hours, the break must be at least 30 minutes. These breaks are often unpaid.
Similar to other European countries, Switzerland has a tradition of Büroapéro, where colleagues gather for an informal drink and light snacks after work. This social activity takes place on Fridays and is a way for employees to relax and bond with their coworkers before the weekend.
During the hot summer months, in Basel and Bern, workers commute to or from their jobs via river without boats
Minimum wage. Switzerland does not have a nationwide statutory minimum wage. However, several cantons have implemented their own minimum wage laws, typically ranging from CHF 20 to CHF 23 per hour, or €18—21.
Wages in Switzerland are generally high, reflecting the country’s strong economy and high cost of living. Many sectors, especially those with collective bargaining agreements, provide competitive wages.
Typical annual salaries in Switzerland are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €52,000—67,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €52,000—83,000;
public sector — €73,000—115,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers, architect — €83,000—125,000;
university professor — €125,000—190,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €125,000—208,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €125,000—260,000;
law-firm partner — €150,000—310,000.
Vacation. Swiss labour law grants employees a minimum of 4 weeks, or 20 days, of paid vacation per year. Employees under the age of 20 are entitled to 5 weeks of vacation. Many employers, particularly in more senior or specialised positions, offer additional vacation days.
Public holidays vary by canton, usually adding 8 to 15 additional non-working days per year.
Parental leave. Mothers are entitled to 14 weeks of paid maternity leave, during which they receive 80% of their salary, up to a capped amount. The leave starts at birth and can be taken continuously.
Fathers are entitled to two weeks of paid paternity leave, during which they receive 80% of their salary.
Happiness index. Switzerland is ranked 9th as one of the happiest countries in the world.
Financially independent people can obtain a Switzerland resident permit. They need to pay a lump-sum tax: the tax agreement is signed for 1 or 5 years, depending on the canton. The tax for non-EU citizens ranges from ₣450,000 to 1,000,000 per year.
Relatives, including spouses and children under 18, are eligible for residence permits with the main applicant. Families can not work in Switzerland, but they can manage capital or business in another country.
Swiss citizenship is granted after 10 years of holding permanent residency in the country.
5. Denmark: the cosiest rest ensured
Working hours. The standard workweek in Denmark is 37 hours, spread over five days, Monday to Friday. Most employees work from 8 or 9 AM to 4 or 5 PM, with flexible working arrangements becoming increasingly common.
Some companies and employees are experimenting with the four-day workweek, although it is not mandated by law. This practice is a result of individual agreements between employees and employers or company policies aimed at improving work-life balance, reducing stress, and enhancing productivity. This model allows employees to work the same number of hours over fewer days.
Overtime is not very common, as there is a strong cultural emphasis on maintaining a balance between work and life. However, if overtime is required, it is typically compensated with either time off or higher pay, depending on the employee’s contract or collective agreements.
The length of breaks is not strictly regulated; most employees take a 30-minute to 1-hour lunch break. Additional shorter breaks, such as for coffee, are usually informal but commonly accepted in most workplaces.
Minimum wage. Denmark does not have a national minimum wage set by law. Typically, minimum salaries are around €2,500—3,000 per month before taxes for full-time workers. Actual salaries vary depending on the sector, position, and seniority.
Typical annual salaries in Denmark are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €33,000—48,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €40,000—60,000;
public sector — €53,000—87,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers, architect — €60,000—93,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager, university professor — €90,000—170,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €120,000—200,000;
law-firm partner — €160,000—260,000.
Vacation. Denmark offers five weeks of paid vacation per year as a legal right for employees. This includes four weeks of statutory holiday and one additional week known as the "fifth holiday week," which can be used at the employee’s discretion. Many employees also receive additional vacation days as part of their employment contracts or collective agreements.
Denmark has around 10—12 public holidays per year, though this can vary slightly depending on the region.
Parental leave. Mothers are entitled to 18 weeks of maternity leave — four weeks before the birth and 14 weeks after. During this period, they receive full salary or a substantial portion, depending on their employment contract.
Fathers have two weeks of paid paternity leave, which they can take during the first 14 weeks after the birth.
Following maternity and paternity leave, both parents are entitled to 32 weeks of shared parental leave, which can be divided as they see fit. During parental leave, parents receive a fixed benefit based on their income level, capped at a certain amount. Some workplaces provide additional financial support.
Happiness index. Denmark is ranked 2nd among 145 countries in terms of happiness.
The concept of hygge is central to Danish life emphasising comfort and cosiness. Locals create a hygge atmosphere after work and many Danes own or rent cosy summer houses
4. Finland: sauna-oriented companies in the happiest country
Working hours. The standard full-time workweek in Finland is 37.5 to 40 hours. Flexible working hours are common, allowing employees to adjust their schedules to balance work and personal life. Remote work is also widely practised.
Finland has considered flexible working hours, including the option of a four-day workweek, with the government encouraging a focus on employee well-being and work-life balance.
Overtime is regulated by Finnish labour laws, and it is compensated either with additional pay or time off. Overtime pay is typically 50 to 100% above the regular hourly rate, depending on the hours worked and the agreement.
Finnish law requires employees working more than 6 hours to take a 30-minute unpaid break, usually for lunch. Many workplaces also offer shorter, paid coffee breaks throughout the day.
In Finland, saunas are an integral part of culture and well-being. Many workplaces, even corporate offices, have their own saunas, and it’s common for colleagues to unwind together in a sauna after work.
Minimum wage. Finland does not have a statutory national minimum wage. But fair pay for workers across sectors is ensured. For example, an entry-level salary could range from €1,800 to 2,500 per month depending on the industry.
Typical annual salaries in Finland are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €26,000—35,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €30,000—45,000;
public sector — €35,000—55,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers — €38,000—65,000;
architect — €40,000—70,000;
university professor — €50,000—90,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €60,000—110,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €70,000—140,000;
law-firm partner — €90,000—150,000.
Vacation. Finnish workers are entitled to at least five weeks, or 30 days, of paid vacation per year. Many employees accumulate vacation days based on their years of service, with longer employment often leading to additional days off.
In Finland, there are typically 13 public holidays during which employees generally do not work.
Parental leave. Finland has a generous parental leave policy that emphasises equality between parents. Mothers are entitled to around 4 months of paid maternity leave, or approximately 105 days, starting before the birth. During maternity leave, the mother receives maternity allowance, which is calculated based on her previous earnings. The allowance is around 70—90% of the mother’s salary.
Fathers are entitled to 54 working days of paid paternity leave, which can be taken within two years of the child’s birth. Fathers receive a paternity allowance during this leave, which is also calculated based on their previous earnings, similar to maternity leave.
After maternity and paternity leave, parents can share 320 days of paid parental leave, which can be divided between them as they choose. Parents receive a daily allowance based on their income during this period, which encourages both parents to participate in childcare.
Additionally, Finland provides an extended child care leave option, allowing parents to stay home until the child turns three, though this period is generally unpaid or compensated with a lower flat rate.
Happiness index. Finland is ranked 1st among 143 countries as the leader in terms of happiness.
The vacation in Finland is mostly taken in the summer, with many businesses slowing down in July as a result
3. Sweden: the best parental leave for the family-oriented
Working hours. The standard workweek in Sweden is 40 hours. Flexible working arrangements are common, allowing employees to adjust their schedules around family and personal needs. Many Swedes work from 8 AM to 5 PM or 9 AM to 6 PM, with an emphasis on efficiency.
Overtime is regulated by Swedish labour laws and collective agreements. Employees can work a maximum of 200 hours of overtime per year, which is compensated at a higher rate, usually 50 to 100% above regular pay depending on the time and day.
Swedish law mandates that employees working more than six hours must take a break. This is 30 minutes or 1 hour for lunch, but additional short breaks throughout the day are common.
In many Swedish workplaces, especially during the summer, it’s common for employees to leave work early on Fridays, known as “Fredagsmys, ” or “Friday cosiness.”
Minimum wage. Minimum wages in Sweden generally range from €2,000 to 2,500 per month, depending on the job and sector. However, wages in Sweden are generally high, reflecting the country’s strong economy and high cost of living.
Typical annual salaries in Sweden are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €22,000—30,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €25,000—38,000;
public sector — €30,000—51,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers, architect — €35,000—60,000;
university professor — €50,000—85,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €55,000—102,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €76,000—150,000;
law-firm partner — €102,000—213,000.
Vacation. Sweden offers generous vacation time, with employees entitled to at least five weeks, or 25 days of paid vacation per year. Some collective agreements offer more, depending on the industry. Employees typically take a significant portion of their vacation during the summer, especially in July, when many businesses close for several weeks.
Public holidays — 11 days per year.
Parental leave. Sweden has one of the most generous parental leave systems in the world.
Parents are entitled to 480 days of paid parental leave per child. These days can be shared between both parents, and 90 of the days are reserved specifically for each parent to encourage both mothers and fathers to take leave. During this time, parents receive 80% of their salary for the first 390 days and a lower flat rate for the remaining days. Parents can take leave until the child turns eight years old, allowing for flexibility in how the leave is used.
While maternity leave is included in the 480 days, mothers can take an additional 7 weeks of leave before childbirth, and fathers are entitled to 10 days of paid leave immediately after the birth.
Happiness index. Sweden is ranked 4th among 143 countries as one of the happiest, according to the World Happiness Report 2024.
Many employers in Sweden offer informal coffee breaks, known as “fika, ” which are considered an essential part of Swedish work culture
2. Netherlands and the country’s bike-friendliest workers
Working hours. The standard workweek in the Netherlands is 36 to 40 hours, usually spread over five days, Monday to Friday. Many employees work a four-day workweek or have flexible work arrangements.
Overtime is not a wide-spread practice in the Netherlands, as employers are conscious of maintaining work-life balance. When overtime is required, it is either compensated with additional pay or time off, as per labour agreements.
Dutch labour law stipulates that employees working more than 5.5 hours must take a break of at least 30 minutes. In many workplaces, employees take a 30-minute to 1-hour lunch break and may also have additional shorter breaks throughout the day.
A key aspect of social work-life balance in the Netherlands is the borrel. This is an informal gathering of colleagues after work to enjoy drinks and snacks. Borrel typically takes place on Fridays and provides a relaxed way for coworkers to unwind and connect socially after the workweek.
Minimum wage. The minimum wage in the Netherlands is set by law and adjusted twice a year, in January and July. As of 2024, the gross minimum wage for full-time employees aged 21 and older is €1,995 per month. Minimum wages for younger workers are lower and scaled according to age.
Typical annual salaries in the Netherlands are as those:
sales assistants, receptionists — €22,000—35,000;
skilled trades, technicians — €26,000—45,000;
public sector — €35,000—60,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers — €40,000—70,000;
architect — €50,000—80,000;
university professor — €60,000—100,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €60,000—120,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €80,000—150,000;
law-firm partner — €100,000—200,000.
Vacation. Employees in the Netherlands are entitled to at least four weeks, or 20 working days, of paid vacation per year. In practice, many employees receive more than the statutory minimum through collective agreements or employment contracts. Vacation days are generally accrued based on hours worked, and it is common for employees to take longer holidays during the summer.
Public holidays in the Netherlands are 7—8 days per year.
Parental leave. The Netherlands offers generous parental leave. Mothers are entitled to 16 weeks of paid maternity leave, which can start four to six weeks before the due date and continue for at least 10 weeks after the birth. During this period, they receive 100% of their salary up to a certain capped amount.
Fathers are entitled to one week of paid paternity leave at 100% of their salary. In addition, fathers can take up to five weeks of additional unpaid leave, during which they receive up to 70% of their salary, covered by the government.
Both parents are entitled to 26 weeks of unpaid parental leave for each child, which can be taken until the child turns eight.
Happiness index. The Netherlands is ranked 6th among 143 countries as one of the happiest, according to the World Happiness Report 2024.
Approximately 36% of people in the Netherlands use bikes as their primary mode of transportation to work or school
1. Norway: the most flexible working hours
Working hours. The standard work week in Norway is 37.5 hours, spread over five days. Normal working hours are 8 AM—4 PM or 9 AM—5 PM. Norway has a strong culture of flexible working hours, allowing employees to manage their time more effectively. Many workplaces offer flexitime, which lets employees start and end their workday at different times, as long as they complete their weekly hours.
Norwegian labour laws allow for overtime but regulate it strictly. Overtime should not exceed 200 hours per year unless otherwise agreed. Overtime is compensated at a premium rate, 40 to 100% above regular pay.
Employees working more than 5.5 hours are entitled to a 30-minute break. This break can be unpaid if the employee is free to leave the workplace. Coffee breaks are often accepted in many workplaces.
A central part of Norwegian life is the concept of “friluftsliv”, which translates to "outdoor life." Workers often take breaks to enjoy nearby parks or go for walks in nature, even during their lunch breaks. After work, it’s common for Norwegians to go hiking, biking, or skiing, depending on the season.
Minimum wage. Norway does not have a national statutory minimum wage. Instead, wages are determined through collective bargaining agreements between unions and employers, which vary by industry.
Typical annual salaries in Norway are as those:
skilled trades, technicians, public sector — €34,000—63,000;
sales assistants, receptionists — €29,000—44,000;
software developers, accountants, engineers, architect — €42,000—68,000;
university professor — €59,000—93,000;
IT manager, lawyer, marketing manager — €59,000—119,000;
general practitioner, medical specialists — €102,000—170,000;
law-firm partner — €127,000—212,000.
Vacation. Employees in Norway are entitled to 25 working days of paid vacation per year, equivalent to five weeks. Employees aged 60 or above have an additional week of vacation. Many employees also receive an extra payment known as "feriepenger" or holiday pay, which is 10,2% of the previous year’s earnings, or 12% for employees over 60, usually paid out just before the summer holiday.
Public holidays are 10 days per year during which employees don’t work.
Parental leave. Norway offers one of the world’s most generous parental leave policies. Mothers are entitled to 46 weeks of full paid maternity leave or 56 weeks at 80% of their salary.
Fathers have 15 weeks of paid paternity leave at full pay, which can be taken at different times during the child’s first year.
After maternity and paternity leave, parents can share an additional period of leave. The total paid parental leave is 49 weeks at full pay or 59 weeks at 80% pay. Parents can decide how to split it.
Happiness index. Norway is ranked 7th among 143 countries as one of the happiest, according to the World Happiness Report 2024.
Many Norwegians own or rent hytter, summer cabins, where they retreat during weekends and holidays to disconnect from work. These cabins are often located in rural areas, mountains, or by the sea
Conclusion: which country to choose?
Norway is the country with the best work-life balance in the world. Workweek is 37.5 hours. Overtime is compensated 40 to 100% above regular pay. Vacation is five weeks per year. Besides, many employees receive an extra payment which is 10,2% of the previous year’s earnings.
Sweden provides the best parental leave: 480 days of paid leave per child, shared between both parents.
In the Netherlands and Denmark, 25—35% of citizens bike to work.
In Switzerland, the locals receive the highest salaries — around €6,370 per month.
Finland has been the happiest country in the world for 7 years already.
France has the shortest work week — 35 hours.
In Spain, Italy, and Portugal, workers enjoy the longest lunches. These countries provide residence permits for digital nomads and investors.
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